Why is random sampling used when collecting specimens for this type of population study?

Why is random sampling used when collecting specimens for this type of population study?

• A. Random sampling increases the probability that the specimens selected for the research study are representative of the population as a whole.
• B. Random sampling speeds up data collection.
• C. Random sampling ensures every individual is included.
• D. Random sampling eliminates the need for controls.

Answer: (A)

Representativeness is the key idea. Random sampling gives every member of the population an equal chance to be selected, which helps ensure the group you study reflects the population as a whole. This reduces selection bias and makes the results more generalizable to the population. It does not guarantee that every individual is included—that would be a census—and it doesn't inherently speed up data collection; randomness can even complicate logistics. It also doesn't eliminate the need for controls—controls are about comparing treatments, not about who is sampled.

Representativeness is the key idea. Random sampling gives every member of the population an equal chance to be selected, which helps ensure the group you study reflects the population as a whole. This reduces selection bias and makes the results more generalizable to the population. It does not guarantee that every individual is included—that would be a census—and it doesn't inherently speed up data collection; randomness can even complicate logistics. It also doesn't eliminate the need for controls—controls are about comparing treatments, not about who is sampled.